- Fecundity : The capacity for producing offspring. An animal with high fecundity is able to produce many offspring.
- Filter feeding : Feeding on very small organisms by filtering the water through gill rakers.
- Fish stock : Fish of one species available for fishing, e.g. snapper stock.
- Fishery : a)one or more stocks or parts of stocks of fish that can be treated as a unit for the purposes of conservation or management; and b) a class of fishing activities in respect of those stocks of fish.
- Fishing effort : Amount of fishing taking place, usually described in terms of gear type and frequency or period for which it is in use.
- Fishing gear : Any equipment, implement, device, apparatus or other thing used for fishing. Includes rods, hand lines, nets and pots.
- Food web :A network of plants and animals that shows what eats what in an ecosystem.
- Fusiform : Rounded, elongated shape.
- Gamefish :An edible fish caught for sport.
- Game fishing : Fishing for sport.
- Gender : The sex of a creature, either male or female.
- Genes : Genes are made from units of DNA. They give organism particular characteristics, for example in humans, hair, skin and eye colour depend on our genes. Genes are the smallest hereditary unit; all living things get their genes from their ‘parents’.
- Genetic : Relating to genes.
- Gestation : The time taken for the development of an embryo, from fertilization of an egg to birth.
- Gill-rakers : Cartilaginous projections that point forward and inward from the gill arches. They aid in the shark’s feeding by preventing the prey from escaping between the gills – they act like a sieve.
- Harvesting: The act or process of gathering a crop.
- Hypersaline : More salty than the sea.
- Incidental: Occurring by chance or without intention.
- Intra-uterine cannibalism : An embryo eating other embryos in the same uterus.
- Invertebrates : Animals without a backbone.
- Juvenile : Adolescent; in between being a small, baby animal and being a fully mature adult.
- Lateral line : A row of sense organs on the side of all fish that respond to pressure changes in water.
- Litter : All the pups born at one time.
- Managed fishery :A fishery that is controlled in terms of how much is taken from it.
- Mature : Ready to mate.
- Migratory : Moving from one area to another, usually for feeding or breeding purposes and usually during particular seasons.
- Mineralisation : Hardening by the deposition of naturally occurring substances.
- Mollusc : An invertebrate with a soft body and muscular ‘foot’, usually with a shell; the group of molluscs consists of snails, slugs, bivalves, chitons and cephalopods.
- Mortality :Frequency of death.
- Niche : The role an organism plays in a community and how it interacts with the environment.
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